• Edible Trees and Shrubs

• Vegetables and Herbs

• Companion Plants

• Pollinators and Butterflies

• Cover Crops

—————————

Almond

—————————

*Garden Prince 250 hours

&All-in-one 500 Womack Nursery Link

Soil: from sandy loam to sandy clay, but generally prefers light, fertile, deep and well drained soils

Food: 12-12-12

Mulch: Yes

Maintenance:

—————————

Apple: Rootstocks: M9 or M7

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*Dorsett Golden Small Tree (with Anna/ein shemer) 100 (mid-June to early July)

*Anna (200-300) self or dorsett golden/ein shemer) Small Tree (late June)

*Ein Shemer (350 self likes Anna, Golden Dorsett) (mid-June to early July, after the Anna Apple Tree)

&Beverly Hills 300 (self)

&Gordon 300-500 (self)

&Jonared (with Fuji, Winesap, Yellow Delicious) 300-500

*Granny Smith (self) Small Tree 400, high nutrients

*Fuji (not self, Pink Lady, York, pristine, delicious / big tree) 400-600

*Mollie’s Delicious (with Fuji, Granny Smith, Beverly Hills) 450-500

&Ghost 500

&Holland (with golden delicious) 500

&Pink Lady (with Granny Smith and Fuji) 500-600, susceptible fire blight

*Gala 600 (self or Fuji, Granny Smith)

&Grimes Golden (self) 600

&Golden Delicious (with Holland) 600-700

&Blushing Golden (with Gala, Jonathan, Jonafree, Jon-A-Red) 600-700

Soil: 5.8 and 7.0 well draining medium-clay to sandy loam, fertile soils 

Food: extra potassium and calcum

Mulch: No

Maintenance: central lead

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Apricot (Self-fertile)

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Gold Kist (200-300),

Katy (200-300),

Early Golden (300),

*Garden Annie Dwarf (300),

Royal (400),

Tropic Gold (300),

*Blenheim (400-500),

Flavor Giant (500),

*Moorpark (600),

*Chinese Mormon (600),

Tisdale (600),

*Peggy (700-800)

Soil: 6.7 to 7.5 well-drained loamy soil. Apricots do not like wet roots.

Food: 16-16-16

Mulch: Wood chips, straw, shredded bark

Maintenance:

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Avocado

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Opal/*Lila (july-sep) largest of cold hardy, May,

Del Rio/*Fantastic,

*Joey (aug-oct),

*Pancho,

Mexicola Grande (aug-oct) less cold hardy than Fantastic,

Don Juan

Soil: 5-7, if alkaline, add sulphur;

Food: Root Activator, inoculant, couple of tablespoons microryza fungi, worm castings;

After one year of growth, use a balanced fertilizer such as MicroLife Citrus four times yearly, being sure that all fertilizing is done blooming when fruit is set. Nitrogen/Phospo most necessary.

Mulch: Chunky pine barks, fibrous stalky materials, Lucerne mulch, gypsum clay breaker

Maintenance:

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Banana

—————————

Grande Nain zone 8-11

Dwarf Cavendish zone 8-11

Pineapple 6-7ft

Golden African 20ft

& Raji Puri - Somewhat of a dwarf at 6-7' tall, one of the more cold tolerant bananas for zones 8b & 9

Lady Finger 25ft, upgrade misi Luki

& Pisang Ceylon, 10-20ft, very cold hardy

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Blackberry

—————————

Brazos (acidic, better cook),

*Kiowa - very big fruit (no trellis)

no thorn:

*Prime-Ark 45 Primocane (self-pol, No pruning required, just cut plants to the ground in the fall),

Natchez (500 semi erect),

*Arapaho (no trellis, 500),

*Ouachita (300, no trellis)

Soil: 4.5 to 7.5, clay improved with compost or well-rotted manure

Food: 10-20-10,

Mulch: pine bark or wheat straw, tree leaves

Maintenance:

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Blueberry

—————————

Rabbiteye:

*Climax

*Brightwell

*Tifblue

Southern Highbush :

*Sunshine blue 150

*Jewel 200

&Emerald 250

*Misty 300

Soil: 4.5 and 5.5. organic and acidic. 1/3 Spaghnum peat moss + 1/3 bark + 1/3 soil with fast drainage,

Food: Just nitgrogen. humic acid fertilizer. Blood meal or feather meal or non-organic ammonium sulfate 20-0-0. Continue to fertilize the bushes every six weeks or so throughout the summer. Cow manure. Cottonseed.

Mulch: Sawdust. Mix with soil shredded pine bark or peat moss. Pine needles on top. Can put up the trunk, light and fluffy

Maintenance: Prune immediately after fruit (if in container)

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Cherry

—————————

*Barbados,

Minnie Royal/Royal Lee (200 hours or with Royal Crimson),

*Royal Crimson self 200-300

&Lapins (self-fruitful 400, Van-Stella cross),

&Bali Sour (self, 400-700)

&Craigs Crimson (self-fruitful, 500-600)

*Stella (self-fruitful 600-700),

Brooks/Tulare,

Coral Champagne/Brooks

Soil: 6.3 to 7.2 clay amended with organic compost and organic soil conditioners

Food: 8-8-13

Mulch: no or straw

Maintenance:

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Citrus

—————————

Most cold hardy: Satsuma, kumquat, Changsha tangerine (15 F), Yuzu

*Calamondin (20F)

Lemon: *Meyer, &Lisbon, &Eureka variegated pink (zone 8)

&Yuzu Citron - most hardy citrus there is, growing well all through zone 8

Lime: &Key, *Persian

Grapefruit: *Bloomsweet Hybrid Standard - Kinkoji (15F), *Cocktail (winter to early spring), Oro Blanco (winter), Texas Ruby Red can be dwarf container (summer),

Satsuma Mandarin: *Arctic Frost (most cold hardy), Orange Frost, Owari Frost (16F), Brown Select, Miho (new, fewer seeds, specially bred to be hardy to 10F), Seto (large fruit, short periods at 10F), Clementine, Ponkan (18F large fruit), Seto

Orange: *Moro Blood, container, 26F; &Cara Cara (naranja red navel), *Hamlin 20F

Tangerine: Dancy, sunburst

Soil: 6.0-7.0

Food: greensand, compost, 21-0-0 ammonium sulfatep

Mulch: Wood chips, organic pellet from chicken poop

Maintenance:

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Currant, Red

—————————

‘Rovada’ or ‘Honey Queen’

—————————

Date

—————————

Jujube, Lang

—————————

*Elderberry

—————————

—————————

Fig:

—————————

Black Jack (small 6-7" natural dwarf), Alma,

&Celeste,

*Brown Turkey,

*Corky’s Honey Delight

*Green Ischia (aka Green Ischau),

*Ficus Carica Banana Fig,

*Little Miss Figgy

LSU Gold,

*LSU Purple,

Texas Blue Giant,

Black Italian,

*Native Black

O’Rourke,

*Chicago Hardy,

*Violette du Bordeaux

White Texas Everbearing Fig

Soil: 6.0 to 8.0 prefer a sandy-clay loam

Food: no fertilizer needed else balanced

Mulch: Hay or pine needles

Maintenance:

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Grape:

—————————

https://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/extension/fruit/Piercegrapes/pdr.html

&Blanc duBois is a white table grape which grows on a vigorous vine. The grape clusters are medium-sized and ripen in June to July in Central Texas. It is resistant to Pierce’s Disease and Downy Mildew. The roots are resistant to Nematodes and must have well-drained soils.

Soil: Well drained; may require iron chelate on high pH soil

Food: Starter Fertilizer:  Plant with Espoma Organic Bio-tone® Starter Plus.  This will increase root mass and help avoid transplant loss in difficult planting conditions. Fertilizer to maintain:  Espoma Organic Citrus-tone Fertilizer.

Mulch: no

Maintenance:

&Himrod - white

Lake Emerald - White

*Seibel 9110 (Verdelet) - White

Lakemont - white

*Vicroria Red

*Noble muscadine

*Champanel Dark Purple

Cowart is a black, self fertile grape with small to medium fruit with good flavor. Good for home plantings.

Soil: adapts well in any , including alkaline and black soils

Food: low fertilizer

Mulch: no

Maintenance:

*Darlene bronze muscadine

Einset - red

*Schrank Mustang

Cynthiana

Canadice

*Cowart Muscadine

&Summit Muscadine

&Mars

*Reliance

*Zestful Lollipop

Scuppernong is considered the oldest muscadine cultivar, selected from wild, native muscadines in N. Carolina. The bronze-green fruit produces a bronze juice.

Southland is a self-fertile selection with black, small to medium fruit with good flavor. It is good for homeowners who want and aromatic fruit with strong muscadine flavor.

Black Spanish (Le Noir) Dark Purple

Favorite Dark Purple

Southern Home Muscadine Dark Purple

Venus Purple

Herbemont Red

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Guava

—————————

Mexican Cream

Ruby supreme - was very dead at 10F

White Indian

&Strawberry/Cattley - 22F, short shelf

*Barbie Pink

Pineapple guava: *Acca sellowiana, *Feijoa sellowiana 12F, Coolidge and Nazemetz, self-fruitful, to 12F,

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Jujube

—————————

—————————

Kiwi

—————————

Issai

*Sweet N Solo

—————————

&Kumquat

—————————

Most cold hardy of edible citrus.  Both flowers and fruit are killed at temperatures below about 27. Unfortunately, blooms in late fall to early winter and must mature its fruit during the winter months. Thus, fruiting rarely occurs except in south Texas or following mild winters in south central or southeast Texas.

Nagami

—————————

*Loquat

—————————

Advance (dwarf, needs another variety)

temperatures below 27 F (-3 C) kill the flowers and fruit. Pale Yellow', 'Advance', and 'Tanaka' are partially self-fertile

—————————

Mango

—————————

Container: Pickering, Carrie, Cogshall, Mallika, Irwin, Lancetilla (large fruit), Nam Doc Mai, Honey kiss mango

—————————

*Mayhaw

—————————

—————————

*Moringa

—————————

healthy, more vitamin C than citrus, D

—————————

Nectarine

—————————

Sunred (200-300),

Arctic Star (300),

Goldmine (400),

*June Princess

*Smooth Texas One (550)

Soil: best 6.0 to 6.5 Fertile, well-drained .

Food: no fert needed

Mulch: organic

Maintenance:

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Olive

—————————

*Arbequina, Picual, *Mission

—————————

Peach (self, unless stated)

—————————

100: Gulf Queen, Mid Pride, Bonita and Ventura

100 to 150: May Pride, Floridaprince, Eva’s Pride, August Pride

150 Tropic Zest Three

150 Floridaprince

200: Tropic Snow (white, free stone)

150 to 250: Santa Barbara, Desert gold and Earligrande.

250: *Red Baron

200 to 300: &Babcock (white, free stone)

250 to 350: Springtime, white, semi-freestone,

up to 300: Saturn 200 and Southern Rose (both yellow)

275 to 250: Early Grande

250 to 400: Four-star Daily News (white, free stone)

350 to 400: Strawberry Free (white, free stone)

up to 400: Early Treat, Tropiberta, Scarlet Robe (all yellow), *Gulf Crimson

400 to 500: *La Feliciana

450 *Texking - Large, round to ovate, 70% blush, productive

300 to 500: Champagne (white, free stone)

450 *Bonanza Dwarf

450 Texstar - Standard. Need to thin well to size since set heavy. Pointy in low chill years.

450 Rio Grande

500-650 *June Gold - Standard. Large size, inconsistent cropping, shape, and tendency to split.

500 Sam Houston

550 &TexPrince - Large, freestone with 70% blush, medium firmness, and shape.

550 *White Delight Two - White, subacid

550 Hawthorne

550-600 Royal zest three - Highly colored semi freestone yellow

Soil: well drained deep sandy soil that ranges from a loam to a clay loam.

Food: any balanced

Mulch: Pine straw or hay

Maintenance:

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Pears

—————————

*Pineapple (150, self, fb resistant)

*Ayers (partially self-pollinating 200) good resistance to fire blight

&Perdue 200, partially self-pollinating, no fire blight

Shinseiki Asian partially self-pollinating 250

YaLi and Tsu Li 300,

*Laconte 300 (needs pollinator, works with Keiffer) highly resistant to fire blight

*Hosui Asian (w 20th century) 300

*20th Century Asian 300-400 (Self-fruitful or pollenized by Shinseiki, Bartlett or Hosui)

*Acres Home (with *Southern Bartlett or Hosui Asian)

Monterrey European Hybrid 300

Nijisseiki Asian 300

*Kieffer (350, self-pollinating, has dwarf, late September to October) highly resistant to fire blight

*Orient (350, self, likes Kieffer or Le Conte, blight proof)

Shin Li Asian 400

Chojuro Asian 450

Shinko Asian 450

Magness European 400

Fan-Stil European Hybrid 400

Maxine European Hybrid 400

*Warren (600, self-pollinating semi-dwarf, fireblight resistant)

Moonglow 700 (fireblight resistant)

Soil: 5.6 to 7.5 rich well draining soil. Sandy deep loam is great.  Clay soil is not so good.

Food: 13-13-13 balanced

Mulch: Compost and weed free hay

Maintenance: trim just when flowers start bloom, four applications of dormant oil starting about a week after petal fall.

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Persimmon

—————————

*Fuyu (dwarf), *Saijo, Ichikikei Jiro, Izu (dwarf), Suruga - Non-Astringent

*Tanenashi, Fankio (pretty), Tamopan (most vigorous and upright), Hachiya (dual purpose fruit and ornamental specimen, for drying), Eureka (commercial ) - Astringent

Food: 10-10-10 balanced

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Plum

—————————

*Methley (self) 150 late May to early June

*Scarlett Beauty 150 late May early June

Nubiana

&Spice Zee NectaPlum 200-300 quite ornamental

*Burgundy Plum (self) 250-300 late july mid august

*Santa Rosa (self) 400 late june early july

&Wickson 400-500 early July

Bruce 500, 800-900 with Methley

Robusto 500

*Blue Damson 600

AU Rosa 700 - self, disease resistance

Soil: 6.6 to 7.5 well-drained, loamy, mildly acidic to mildly alkaline.

Food: 16-4-8, citrus fertilizer

Mulch: organic mulch such as leaf mulch, pine straw, or other barks.

Maintenance:

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Pomegranate

—————————

*Wonderful,

*Granada,

Texas pink,

*Angel Red,

*Parfianka,

Al-sirin-nar - hard seed,

Cloud,

Fleschmans,

Pink Satin,

Russian 18,

Salavatski,

Spanish Sweet,

Sumbar,

Surh Anor

Soil: 5.5 to 7.2 - deep loamy, but will still grow quite well in sandy and clay

Food: high nitrogen or 10-10-10

Mulch: Bark chips or shredded leaves

Maintenance: pomegranates flower on new growth. Therefore, pruning needs to be done prior to the emergence of new sprigs in the spring. You need only remove suckers and dead wood. Fruit is formed on short spurs on the two- to three-year-old stems which a light annual pruning will encourage. Keep it light; heavy pruning reduces fruit set.

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Raspberries

—————————

*Dorman Red

*Caroline everbearing

*Heritage Red

Summit Red

Southland Red

Soil: 5.5 to 6.5, compost, sand, manure, garden lime (if native soil pH is too low/acid), baled sphagnum/granular peat moss (if native soil pH is too high/alkaline), coconut fibers in clay

Food: 10-10-10

Mulch: 2- to 3-inch leaves, lawn clippings, and wood chips

Maintenance:

—————————

Strawberries

—————————

*Eversweet, *Chandler, *Sequoia

—————————

Quince

—————————

Smyrna, Pineapple 100

https://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/publications/veg_variety/search.php?region=I

—————————

Soil conditioning:

—————————

Fertilizer: 1-2 lbs per 100 sq ft

cottonseed meal fertilizer

Food: Suståne 8-2-4 organic slow release, 3-1-2 nitrogen phosporus potassium. organic 3/4 cup for 25 sq ft

Compost: graze cow, turkey no smell

Mulch: 4-6 inch : straw, hay, shredded bark, leaves

The best way to improve clay soil is to add organic matter. There are two primary ways to do this: cover crops and compost.

Improving chalky soil can be done by tilling in lots of organic material like composted pine needles, leaf mold, manure, humus, compost and/or peat moss. You can also pre-plant a cover crop of beans, clover, vetch or bitter blue lupine to correct chalky soil. Extra iron and manganese can be provided to plants with fertilizers.

Read more: https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/soil-fertilizers/what-is-chalky-soil.htm

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Herbs, Healing

—————————

Anise Hyssop - Agastache Foeniculum- EDIBLE can make tea - perennials

Double Butterfy Pea - tea

Holy Basil - adaptogen to stress

Echinacea - immune boosting. Eat root after 2 yrs. Can make tea flower EDIBLE

Passiflora incarnata - passion vine, spreads underground , sedative

Satureja hortensis - чубрица

Turmeric

Ginger

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Various Veggies

—————————

Daikon radish

Endive - Broadleaf

Endive - Witloof chickory

Hatch Green Chili

Osaka Purple Mustard

Perpetual spinach

Pigeon pea (also companion)

Radicchio Palla Rosa

Sorrel - better if cooked

Shallot

Spinach Mustard

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Cucumber

—————————

Straight Eight

Market More

Lemon Cucumber (well in heat)

Armenian (drought)

—————————

Tomatoes

—————————

Black Krim, Cherokee Purple,

Cream Sausage (yellow color for pesto)

Juane Flamme, Stupice, Juliet, Yellow Pear

Tycoon, Sunmaster, Early girl, Celebrity

Beef: Marianna's Peace Mortgage Lifter - gigantic show off

Cherry: Sun Gold, Everglades (tough), Tastiest Tumbler (taste)

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Watermelons

—————————

Savor, escorial, madhu raw

—————————

Season notes:

—————————

Fall:

—-August:

beans, cucumbers, squash (60 days)

—-Sep:

peas

—-Sep-Oct:

Brocolli, Cauliflower transplants, collards, kale

—-Oct-Nov:

transplant lettice (seeds in shaded flats)

Brocolli, Cauliflower, Brussel Sprouts - get soil ready by watering for days.

Leafy greens - lettice, spinach, mustard, kale, urugula, chard - mature faster (keep shadier in summer, light shade fall)

Romanesco cauliflower, radicchio - need to mature quickly as frost is coming n

Beets, radishes

Spring:

TBD

Summer

Summer-hardy:

Perpetual spinach (cold hardy too)

Egyptian walking onion (cold hardy too)

Corn/Maize (summer only)

Egyptian spinach (nutritional x4 regular spinach)

Rat tailed radish - tasty pods

Kangkong (water spinach needs water)

Sweet potato

Kale

Summer Savory - HERB

Calamint - HERB

Winter:

Borage - HERB

Quick growers:

Radish

BokChoi

Arugula (Rocket)

Loose leaf lettice

Japanese Mustard (a bit pungent), seeds can be condiments, large stem can be pickled

Peas. Climbing are longer

Spring/green onion

Perpetual spinach (pick and come back)

Swiss chard (pick and come back)

*Alyssum - attract predators - annual. tiny flowers that are EDIBLE along with the leaves they have a pungent flavour, that emit a honey-like fragrance. Includes Lobularia

&Arrowroot - mulch and shade

*Basil - tomatoes, attract beneficial. Plant with dill among tomatos - annual EDIBLE

Double Blue Butterfly pea - EDIBLE - nitrogen soil - tea from flowers goes with lemongrass

*Calendula - attracts beneficial pollinators to the garden, repels garden pests, and is even an EDIBLE plant. Healing wounds, soothing eczema. Sunshiny flowers are a traditional remedy for supporting the immune system and lifting the spirits. If that weren’t enough, the edible ray florets of the flower heads (which look like yellow petals) are bursting with antioxidant compounds - annual herb

*Camomile - annual EDIBLE

Carrot - let it bolt

*Cilantro, *parsley flower for pollinators and insect predators - annual EDIBLE

Chive - let it bolt - annual EDIBLE

*Columbine (perennial) and lambsquarter - leaf miner - next to citrus

*Dill, *Fennel - attract beneficial / other veggies might not like to be close to fennel - annual

Egyptian star penthas

&Feverfew - repels helpful insects as well as harmful ones - annual

Garlic, *Onion - not close to legumes!

Garlic, *Onion - change soil to deter pests

*Society Garlic - deterrent EDIBLE

&Horseradish - snail in veggie garden

&Landcress - caterpillars - biennial herb

Lemon scented geranium - pelargonium crispum - grapes - tender perennials, though they can also be grown has herbaceous annuals

*Lupine - Russell are best cold hardy and perennial . Some are EDIBLE and alternatives to pea. Companion to cucumber, squach, cabbage, spinach.

*Marigold (French only)- tomatoes, repel nematodes, change soil to deter pests - annual

*Milkweed incl Tropical - attract aphid/pests and ladybug to eat them - perennial

*Nasturtium - attract aphid/pests and ladybug to eat them - most often grown as annuals, botanically, EDIBLE herbaceous perennials; that is, they die to the ground in fall and grow again the next spring

*Pigeon Pea - EDIBLE legume soil improvement perennial, drop and chop

*Rosemary - smell blocker for veggie - perennial EDIBLE

*Sneezeweed - perennial

&Southernwood, lad's love - rare

*Tansy, bitter buttons, cow bitter, or golden button - perennial herbacious, but with some toxic effects

*Valerian - bees and cats - sleep herb - cold tolerant perennial EDIBLE

*Zinnia - attractor, annual

Amaranth - EDIBLE, bees, tall

*Agastache Apricot Sprite - Agastache aurantiaca - EDIBLE - From Mexico and the Southwest. Aromatic, bushy, compact silver-green anise scented foliage with sprays of large apricot blooms. Performs great in containers and adds vibrant color to the garden border. Heat and drought tolerant. Attracts butterflies and hummingbirds to the garden. The grey-green foliage is both beautiful and functional. The anise scented leaves can be used to make tea and aromatic leaves can be dried for potpourri.

*Coneflower - Purple (Echinacea purpurea)

*Flame acanthus

*Fragrant Mistflower (Eupatorium havanense) - perennial bush

*Fragnant mimosa - has thorns - perenniasl

*Frostweed (Verbesina virginica)

Germander - EDIBLE

*Creeping Germander - herbaceous evergreen perennial

*Globe mallow, standing wine cup - perennial

*Gloriosa Daisies (Rudbeckia), perennial form of the native Black Eyed Susan

Gregg’s Silver Dalea

*Gregg's Mistflower - perennial

*Gulf Coast Penstemon

*Hibiscus: EDIBLE ‘Florida cranberry,’ ‘Cranberry hibiscus,’ aka ‘Roselle'.  NOT the same plant as the also-edible hibiscus known as ‘False Roselle,’ (Hibiscus acetosella - Although perennial, usually grown as an annual and propagated from seed)

*Kidneywood - perennial

*Lions tail Leonotis Menthifola - EDIBLE

*Lespedeza "Little Volcano"

Pink Skullcap

&Mexican Flame Vine

*Oregano - EDIBLE - perennial

*Pentas, Glitterati Purple Star - butterfly

*Rosemary - EDIBLE - perennial

Rye - EDIBLE herb - butterfly host

*Rockrose (Pavonia lasiopetala)

Sage:

*Cold Hardy Pink (Salvia greggii) - Autumn Sage

*Mealy Blue Sage (Salvia farinacea)

*Pitcher sage aka Blue sage (Salvia azurea) - give it initial trim

Salvia:

*Blue Spires Salvia

*Standing cypress

*Texas Scarlett Quince - EDIBLE but too bitter, may be used for preserve - perennial

*Thyme - EDIBLE - perennial

Verbena:

*Almond Verbena - Aloysia Virgata - 15ft bees and butterflies,

*Lemon Verbena - Aloysia citriodora - EDIBLE tea

*Blue Vervain Verbena

*WhiteMist Flower - has scent, all Mistflowers are good pollinator - perennial - full sun and part shade - can do only 25 inches rain annually

Cover crops are usually some sort of leafy or grassy forage plant like clover or beans that are meant to be left and decomposed by soil microorganisms. You can turn the crop into the soil, or use the “cut and drop” method to leave it on top as mulch. For example, peas you can harvest the crop before tilling the residue into the soil. Dig holes for veggies among roots of chopped cover crop.

Winter cover crops for Central Texas:

Fava (sometimes called Windsor or Broad) beans, cereal or elbon rye, wheat, any brassica (like mustard or turnips) and crimson clover (which needs to be inoculated with rhizobium).

Summer cover crops crops:

Hairy vetch, cow or cream peas, and black-eyed peas.

Arrowroot - mulch and shade

Bellbeans (winter)

Bitter blue lupine

Black-eyed peas

Brassicas - winter

Cow or cream peas

*Crimson clover (winter) - medicinal flowers for tea, bees love, nitrogen inject EDIBLE

Elbon rye (winter), cereal rye (winter), mustard, marigold - root knot nematodes. Cut rye to ground several times for releasing nitrogen to compost

Fava Bean - winter

Hairy Vetch - beneficial, invasive

Sunn hemp

Sorghum-sundangrass

Sunflowers